1 .How to convert:
(a) CH≡CH into CH3COOH (b) HCHO Glycine (c) HCHO Ter Butyl alcohol (d) Nitrobenzene into Benzene (e) Methylamine into ethylamine (f) Propanoic acid into Acetic acid (g) Benzene into cyanobenzene (h) Toluene into m-nitro benzoic acid (i) Benzene into Benzaldehyde (2 steps) (j) Propanoic acid to 3 Pent none
2.Complete the following reaction
Ethylisocynide undergoes acidic hydrolysis Ans N-ethylformamide
3.write down example of
1. Perkins reaction 2.benzoin condensation 3.Knowengeal reaction
4. Why acylation occurs before nitration of aniline?
5.Explain (a) The Zwitter ion.(b)Acidic nature of Alpha hydrogen of nitro & carbonyl compounds?
(c)Explain basic nature of (C2H5)2NH > (C2H5)3N > C2H5NH2
(d)Why aniline is weaker base than ammonia? (e) There are two NH2 group in semi carbazide.However only one is involved in formation of semi carbazone
6. Write the difference between: (a) enantiomers & distereomer (b) Chirality’s & chiral (c) Racemic modification & meso compound
7. Write IUPAC name of the following:
Aspirin ,Salol ,orthoformic ester
8.How to distinguish between :
(a)Phenol & Benzyl alcohol (b) Chlorobenzene & Benzyl chloride (c) CH3-CH2-OH & CH3-CH=O
(d) HCHO & HCOOH (e) (f) RNO2 & R-O-N=O
(g) 10 20 30 alcohol (h) HCHO & CH3CHO (i) 10 20 30 amine (J)HCOOH& CH3COOH
9.How to convert :
1. (a) Benzene to Benzoic acid through nitration (b)benzene to Aspirin (c)Chlorobenzene to DDT
(d) HCH=O to ter butyl alcohol (e) Prop none to CHI3 (f) CHCl3 to diethyl carbonate (g) Ethanal to Crotanaldehyde (h) Toluene to m-nitro benzoic acid (i) Aniline to nitro aniline
(j) CH2=O to 1-Butanol
10.. What happens when:
1. 10 amine reacts with CHCl3 & KOH (alc) (b) HCHO & C6H5CHO reacts with conc. KOH
(c) Aniline react with CHCl3 (d) Toluene reacts with Cl2 in the presence of aq. NaOH
(e) CH2=O kept at room temp. (f) Aniline react with conc H2SO4 reacts with conc. HNO3 & H2SO4
(g) FeCl3 reacts with aq. Solution of 10amine
(h) Glycerol reacts with conc. HNO3 (i)Anisole reacts with cold & dil. HI
(j) Ter. Butyl alcohol passed over heated Cu (k) CH2=CH2 reacts with PdCl2 & H2O
11.Explain : (a) Reductive amination of aldehyde & ketone (b) Why phenol is easily nitrated in comparison to toluene? (c) Why para nitro phenol is more acidic than ortho nitro phenol? (d) Why anisole does not give iodo benzene when reacted with conc.hot HI?
12. Give reasons for:
(a)Why AgCl is soluble in RNH2 (b) Why trichloroacetic acid is more acidic than CH3COOH
(c) Why CH3-CH=CH2 with HBr in the presence of peroxide gives 1 bromo Propane (d) Why Benzyl amine is more basic than aniline (e) Why aryl halide is less than reactive than alkyl halide
13. Write short note on:
(a)Rosemund Reduction (b) Protonation (c) Transesterification (d) Williamson Synthesis
(e) Oxo reaction (f) Schotten Baumann reaction
14. Write all the isomers of C4H10O & C7H9N
15. Explain (a) The Zwitter ion. (b) Acidic nature of Alpha hydrogen of nitro & carbonyl compounds? (c)Explain basic nature of (C2H5)2NH > (C2H5)3N > C2H5NH2
16.(a)Why aniline is weaker base than ammonia? (b) There are two NH2 group in semi carbazide.However only one is involved in formation of semi carbazone.
17.How to differentiate : a. Nitro & Nitrite b. Aniline & Phenol c. Formaldehyde & formic acid d. Methyl acetate & Ethyl acetate e.Primary amine, secondary amine & tertiary amine f. Acetaldehyde & Prop anal
18.What happens when: (a) Aniline reacts with alcoholic chloroform (b) Alkyl Cyanide undergoes basic hydrolysis (c) Nitrobenzene is reduced in neutral medium (d) Acetaldehyde reacts with dilute NaOH.
19.Write short note on: (a) Gabriel Pthalamide Synthesis (b) Hoffmann Bromamide Reaction (c) Carbyl Amine Test (d) Hoffmann Ammonolysis (e) Sand Mayer Reaction (f)Diazotization reaction (g) Schotten Baumann Reaction (h) Cannizaro Reaction
20.(a) How to convert (a) nitrobenzene into aniline (b) Nitro methane to 1-Nitro Prop-1-ene (c) Ethanol to 3-hydroxy but anal (d) Prop anal to but anal (e) Ethyl magnesium bromide to 2-methyl propanol-2
21.Write the structure of (a) Sulphanilic acid (b) Picric acid (c) 1-Methoxy 3-nitro benzene (d) Crotan Aldehyde (e) Quaternary Methyl ethyl propyl butyl ammonium chloride
Saturday, October 18, 2008
Organic-3
1. Explain (a) Sulphanilic acids are soluble in dilute NaOH but not in dil.HCl.(b) The amphoteric nature of amide
2. .Draw the structure of optically active unsaturated compound having molecular formula C5H9Br that after addition of H2 becomes either optically active or show optical activity
3. 30.Write the mechanism of (a) Reimer Tiemann reaction (b) Esterification (c) Kolbe Synthesis
4. What is Lucas reagent?
5. How ill you convert phenol to aspirin? Give chemical equations.
6. What is oxoprocess? For what purpose it is used?
7. Explain why glycerol has high viscosity and is miscible with water in all proportion?
8. Which of the following are optically active compounds and why: (a) n-butyl bromide (b) secondary butyl chloride (c) isobutyl chloride (d) tertiary butyl chloride
9. What is a nitrating mixture?
10. Phenol is a very weak acid. What substitutions in the molecule can make it a stronger acid and a weaker acid & why?
11. Give the structural formulae and names of the products of the following reactions: (i) Chloroform is heated with aniline in presence of alc. KOH (ii) Phenol is treated with an excess of aqueous bromine
12. Write chemical equations for what happens when:- (i) 2-methyl-2-propanol vapours are passed over heated copper. (ii) A glyceride is treated with sodium hydroxide solution.
13. Give chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds 2-butanol and 2-methyl-2-propanol.
14. Account for the following:-(i) Methyl amine in water reacts with FeCl3 to precipitate ferric hydroxide. (ii) Arenes are more easily nitrated than aliphatic hydrocarbons.
15. Out of benzene & phenol which is more easily nitrated and why?
16. A sweet smelling organic compound ‘A’ is slowly oxidized by air in presence of light to a highly poisonous gas. On warming with Ag powder, it forms a gaseous substance ‘B’ which is also produced by action of calcium carbide on water. Identify ‘A’ & ‘B’ and write the equations of the reactions involved.
17. What is meant by (i) Absolute alcohol (ii) Methylated spirit (iii) Denatured spirit?
18. Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows:- (i) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol (ii) 1-Phenylpropan-2-ol (iii) 3,5-Dimethylhexane-1,3,5-triol (iv) 2,3-Diethylphenol (v) 1-Ethoxypropane (vi) 3-Methyl-2-ethoxypentane (vii) Cyclohexylmethanol
19. Draw the structures of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula C5H12O and give their IUAPC names. Classify them as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.
20. Explain why is propanol higher boiling than butane.
21. Explain why are alcohols comparatively more soluble in water than the corresponding hydrocarbons.
22. Write equations for preparation of Propan-2-ol, from (i) an alkene, and (ii) A Grignard reagent.
23. Write notes on:- (i) oxymercuration-demercuration, and(ii) hydroboration
24. Give the structures and IUPAC names of monohydric phenols of molecular formula C7H8O
25. While separating a mixture of otho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which is steam volatile.Give reason.
26. Give the equation of reaction of preparation of phenol from cumene.
27. You are given benzene, conc. H2SO4 and NaOH. Write the equation for the preparation of phenol using these reagents.
28. Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol. Compare its acidity with that of ethanol.
29. Explain why is ortho-nitrophenol more acidic than ortho-methoxyphenol?
30. Explain how does the –OH group attached to a carbon of benzene ring activates it towards electrophillic substitution?
31. Give the equations of the following reactions:-
32. reaction of propene with mercuric acetate followed by hydrolysis (ii) oxidation of propan-1-ol with alkaline KMnO4 solution. (iii) reaction of bromine in CS2 with phenol. (iv) action of dilute HNO3 with phenol (v) treating phenol with chloroform in presence of aqueous NaOH at 343 K.
33. Write short notes on:- (i) Kolbe reaction, (ii) Reimer-Tiemann reaction.
34. How are the following conversion carried out? (i) Propane Propan-2-ol (ii) Benzylchloride Benzyl alcohol (iii) Ethyl magnesium chloride Propan-1-ol (iv) Methyl magnesium bromide 2-methylpropan-2-ol
35. How will you prepare butan-1-ol from (i) 1-bromobutane and (ii) a suitable alkene?
36. Name the reagents used in the following reactions:- (i) oxidation of a primary alcohol to carboxylic acid (ii) oxidation of a primary alcohol to an aldehyde (iii) bromination of phenol to 2,4,6-tribromophenol (iv)benzyl alcohol to benzoic acid (v) dehydration of propan-2-ol to propene (vi) butan-2-one to butan-2-ol
37. How is ethane-1,2 diol prepare from (i) ethane (ii) ethylene oxide and (iii) 1,2-dibromoethane?
38. How is glycerol obtained as a by-product of soap industry? Write the equation of nitration of glycerol?
39. Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson synthesis: (i) 1-propoxypropane, (ii) Ethoxybenzene (iii) 2-methyl-2-methoxypropane and (iv) 1-methoxyethane
40. Illustrate with examples the limitations of Williamson Synthesis for the preparation of certain types of ethers.
41. How is 1-propoxypropane synthesized from propan-1-ol?
42. Preparation of ethers by acid dehydration of secondary ot tertiary alcohols is not a suitable method.Give reason.
43. Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with:-
44. 1-Propoxypropanae (ii) methoxybenzene and (iii) Benzyl ethyl ether.
45. Write equations for the following reactions:- (i) Friedal Crafts reaction-alkylation in anisole (ii) Nitration of anisole (iii) Bromination of anisole in ethanoic acid medium and (iv) Friedal Crafts acetylation of anisole
46. Give mechanisms of following reactions: (a) Alcohol to ether (b)Alcohol to alkene
47. Dsitinguish between the following by suitable chemical test: (a) Phenol and benzoic acid (b) Ethanol and diethyl ether.
48. Write short notes on the following reactions: (a) Reimer-Teimeann Reaction (b) Kolbe’s reaction (c) Williamson synthesis
49. Convert he following reactions:- (a) C2H5OH + NH3 (b) (CH3)3CCl + KOH(alc.)
50. (c) CH3OH + CO (d) (CH3)3COH
51. Which of the following compounds would undergo aldol condensation, which the Cannizaro reaction and which neither? Write the structures of the expected products of aldol condensation and Cannizaro reaction. (a) Methanal (b) 2-Methylpentanal (c) Benzaldehyde (d) Benzophenone (e) Cyclohexanone (f) 1-Phenylpropanone (g) Phenylacetaldehyde (h) Butan-1-ol (i) 2,2-Dimethylbutanal
52. How will you convert acetaldehyde into the following compounds? (a) Butan-2-one (b) Butane-1,3-diol (c) Buta-2-enal (d) Butan-1-ol (e) Butanoic acid (f) Buta-2-enoic acid
53. Write structural formulae and names of the four possible aldol condensation products from propanal and butanal. In each case, indicate which aldehyde served as nucleophile and which as elctrophile.
54. An organic compound with the molecular formula C9H10O forms 2,4-DNP derivative reduces Tollen’s reagent and undergoes Cannizaro reaction. On vigorous oxidation, it gives 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid. Identify the compound.
55. An organic compound (A) [Molecular formula C8H16O2] was hydrolysed with dilute sulphuric acid to give a carboxylic acid (B) and an alcohol (C). Oxidation of (C) with chromic acid produced (B) Write possible structures of (A) and give their IUPAC names. Also write equations for the reactions involved.
56. N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide is an active ingredient in many insect-repellant preparations. How will you prepare this compound from m-bromotoluene?
57. Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds: (a) Propanal & Propanone (b) Methyl acetate and Ethyl acetate (c) Phenol & Benzoic acid (d) Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate (e) Benzamide and p-Aminobenzoic acid (f) Propanal & Diethyl ether. (g) Ethanal & Propanal (h) Propanoyl chloride and Propanoic acid.
58. How will you prepare the following compounds from benzene? Youmay use any inorganic reagent and any organic reagent having not more than one carbon atom.
59. Methyl benzoate (b) m-Nitrobenzoic acid (c) p-Nitrobenzoic acid (d) Phenyl acetic acid (e) p-Nitrobenzaldehyde.
60. How will you bring about the following conversions in not more than two steps? (a) Propanone to Porpene (b) Propanal to Butanone (c) Ethanol to 3-Hydroxybutnal (d) Benzaldehyde to Benzophenone (e) Benzaldehyde to 3-Phenylpropan-1-ol (f) Benzaldehyde to α-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(g) Benzoic acid to Benzaldehyde (h) Propanoyl Chloride to Diproppyl amine (i) Propanoic acid to propenoic acid (j) Benzene to m-Nitroacetophenone (k) Bromobenzene to 1-Phenylethnaol (l) Benzoyl chloride to Benzonitrile (m) Benzoic acid to m-Nitrobenzyl alcohol.
61. Describe the following:- (a) Acetylation (b) Cannizaro reaction (c) Trans-esterification (d) Decarboxylation (e) Cross aldol condensation (f) Hoffmann bromide reaction (g) Saponification.
62. Give plausible explanation for each of the following: (a) Cyclohexanone from cyanohydrin in good yield but 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone does not. (b) There are two –NH2 groups in semicarbazide. How ever, only one is involved in the formation of semicarbazones. (c) During the preparation of esters from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst, the water or the ester should be removed as fast as it is formed.
63. Why do nitro compounds have higher boiling points than the hydrocarbons having almost molecular mass?
64. How would you prepare p-nitroaniline from aniline?
65. Explain what happens when aniline reacts with a mixture of sulphuric acid and nitric acid?
66. How is nitrobenzene converted into aniline under neutral conditions?
67. Explain why does nitrobenzene on nitration with nitric acid and sulphuric acid from only m-dinitrobenzene?
68. How will you prepare 1-nitropropene from acetaldehyde?
69. How can you convert 2-nitropropane to acetone?
70. Write structures for the following compounds? (a) Butyronitrile (b) Phenylacetonitrile (c) Propylcarbylamine.
71. Why is acetonitrile preferred as a solvent for running organic reactions?
72. Explain the role of mineral acid in the reaction of a carbonyl compound with aq. KCN?
73. How is that a ketone reacts with Grignard reagent to form a tertiary alcohol but in the reaction of a nitrile with Grignard reagent reagent, a ketone is formed?
74. How will you convert benzonitrile to acetophenone (C6H5COCH3)?
75. Draw structures for the following compounds: (a)N-isopropylaniline (b) p-toluidine (c) tert.butylamine
76. Arrange the following sets in order of their basic strength: (a) Ethyl amine, Ammonia and Triethylamine (b) Aniline, p-nitroaniline, p-toluidine
77. How will you prepare a pure sample of a primary amine from a primary alkyl halide?
78. How will you convert alkyl an alkyl halide into a primary amine having one carbon atom less than the alkyl halide used?
79. How can a carboxylic acid be converted to an amine having one carbon atom less than the alkyl halide used?
80. Explain the observed Kb order: Et2NH > Et3N>EtNH2 in aqueous solution where Et is ethyl.
81. What will be the basic strength order of EtNH2, Et2NH, Et3N in gas phase? Explain.
82. Why are amines less acidic than comparable alcohols?
83. Why are primary amines higher boiling than tertiary amines?
84. Why are aromatic amines weaker bases than aliphatic amines?
85. How can you find out whether a given amine is a primary amine? Write the chemical reaction involved in the test you perform.
86. How can you separate a mixture of primary, secondary and tertiary amines? Write chemical reaction involved in the process.
87. How do aromatic and aliphatic tertiary amines react with nitrous acid?
88. Explain how does the presence or absence of hydrogen on N of maines affect the modes of their reactions with nitrous acid?
89. How ill you prepare ethyl amine from acetaldehyde?
90. Amino group is o,p-directing for aromatic electrophillic substitution. Why does aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of m-nitroaniline?
91. Why does bromination of nailine, even under very mild conditions give 2,3,5-tribromoaniline instaneously?
92. How can you convert p-toluidine to 2-bromo-4-methylaniline?
93. How can you convert aniline to iodobenzene?
94. How can you convert benzonitrile from aniline?
95. Why is an amide more acidic than an amine?
96. How to converted Nitro compound into aldehyde &Ketone ?
2. .Draw the structure of optically active unsaturated compound having molecular formula C5H9Br that after addition of H2 becomes either optically active or show optical activity
3. 30.Write the mechanism of (a) Reimer Tiemann reaction (b) Esterification (c) Kolbe Synthesis
4. What is Lucas reagent?
5. How ill you convert phenol to aspirin? Give chemical equations.
6. What is oxoprocess? For what purpose it is used?
7. Explain why glycerol has high viscosity and is miscible with water in all proportion?
8. Which of the following are optically active compounds and why: (a) n-butyl bromide (b) secondary butyl chloride (c) isobutyl chloride (d) tertiary butyl chloride
9. What is a nitrating mixture?
10. Phenol is a very weak acid. What substitutions in the molecule can make it a stronger acid and a weaker acid & why?
11. Give the structural formulae and names of the products of the following reactions: (i) Chloroform is heated with aniline in presence of alc. KOH (ii) Phenol is treated with an excess of aqueous bromine
12. Write chemical equations for what happens when:- (i) 2-methyl-2-propanol vapours are passed over heated copper. (ii) A glyceride is treated with sodium hydroxide solution.
13. Give chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds 2-butanol and 2-methyl-2-propanol.
14. Account for the following:-(i) Methyl amine in water reacts with FeCl3 to precipitate ferric hydroxide. (ii) Arenes are more easily nitrated than aliphatic hydrocarbons.
15. Out of benzene & phenol which is more easily nitrated and why?
16. A sweet smelling organic compound ‘A’ is slowly oxidized by air in presence of light to a highly poisonous gas. On warming with Ag powder, it forms a gaseous substance ‘B’ which is also produced by action of calcium carbide on water. Identify ‘A’ & ‘B’ and write the equations of the reactions involved.
17. What is meant by (i) Absolute alcohol (ii) Methylated spirit (iii) Denatured spirit?
18. Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows:- (i) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol (ii) 1-Phenylpropan-2-ol (iii) 3,5-Dimethylhexane-1,3,5-triol (iv) 2,3-Diethylphenol (v) 1-Ethoxypropane (vi) 3-Methyl-2-ethoxypentane (vii) Cyclohexylmethanol
19. Draw the structures of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula C5H12O and give their IUAPC names. Classify them as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.
20. Explain why is propanol higher boiling than butane.
21. Explain why are alcohols comparatively more soluble in water than the corresponding hydrocarbons.
22. Write equations for preparation of Propan-2-ol, from (i) an alkene, and (ii) A Grignard reagent.
23. Write notes on:- (i) oxymercuration-demercuration, and(ii) hydroboration
24. Give the structures and IUPAC names of monohydric phenols of molecular formula C7H8O
25. While separating a mixture of otho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which is steam volatile.Give reason.
26. Give the equation of reaction of preparation of phenol from cumene.
27. You are given benzene, conc. H2SO4 and NaOH. Write the equation for the preparation of phenol using these reagents.
28. Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol. Compare its acidity with that of ethanol.
29. Explain why is ortho-nitrophenol more acidic than ortho-methoxyphenol?
30. Explain how does the –OH group attached to a carbon of benzene ring activates it towards electrophillic substitution?
31. Give the equations of the following reactions:-
32. reaction of propene with mercuric acetate followed by hydrolysis (ii) oxidation of propan-1-ol with alkaline KMnO4 solution. (iii) reaction of bromine in CS2 with phenol. (iv) action of dilute HNO3 with phenol (v) treating phenol with chloroform in presence of aqueous NaOH at 343 K.
33. Write short notes on:- (i) Kolbe reaction, (ii) Reimer-Tiemann reaction.
34. How are the following conversion carried out? (i) Propane Propan-2-ol (ii) Benzylchloride Benzyl alcohol (iii) Ethyl magnesium chloride Propan-1-ol (iv) Methyl magnesium bromide 2-methylpropan-2-ol
35. How will you prepare butan-1-ol from (i) 1-bromobutane and (ii) a suitable alkene?
36. Name the reagents used in the following reactions:- (i) oxidation of a primary alcohol to carboxylic acid (ii) oxidation of a primary alcohol to an aldehyde (iii) bromination of phenol to 2,4,6-tribromophenol (iv)benzyl alcohol to benzoic acid (v) dehydration of propan-2-ol to propene (vi) butan-2-one to butan-2-ol
37. How is ethane-1,2 diol prepare from (i) ethane (ii) ethylene oxide and (iii) 1,2-dibromoethane?
38. How is glycerol obtained as a by-product of soap industry? Write the equation of nitration of glycerol?
39. Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson synthesis: (i) 1-propoxypropane, (ii) Ethoxybenzene (iii) 2-methyl-2-methoxypropane and (iv) 1-methoxyethane
40. Illustrate with examples the limitations of Williamson Synthesis for the preparation of certain types of ethers.
41. How is 1-propoxypropane synthesized from propan-1-ol?
42. Preparation of ethers by acid dehydration of secondary ot tertiary alcohols is not a suitable method.Give reason.
43. Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with:-
44. 1-Propoxypropanae (ii) methoxybenzene and (iii) Benzyl ethyl ether.
45. Write equations for the following reactions:- (i) Friedal Crafts reaction-alkylation in anisole (ii) Nitration of anisole (iii) Bromination of anisole in ethanoic acid medium and (iv) Friedal Crafts acetylation of anisole
46. Give mechanisms of following reactions: (a) Alcohol to ether (b)Alcohol to alkene
47. Dsitinguish between the following by suitable chemical test: (a) Phenol and benzoic acid (b) Ethanol and diethyl ether.
48. Write short notes on the following reactions: (a) Reimer-Teimeann Reaction (b) Kolbe’s reaction (c) Williamson synthesis
49. Convert he following reactions:- (a) C2H5OH + NH3 (b) (CH3)3CCl + KOH(alc.)
50. (c) CH3OH + CO (d) (CH3)3COH
51. Which of the following compounds would undergo aldol condensation, which the Cannizaro reaction and which neither? Write the structures of the expected products of aldol condensation and Cannizaro reaction. (a) Methanal (b) 2-Methylpentanal (c) Benzaldehyde (d) Benzophenone (e) Cyclohexanone (f) 1-Phenylpropanone (g) Phenylacetaldehyde (h) Butan-1-ol (i) 2,2-Dimethylbutanal
52. How will you convert acetaldehyde into the following compounds? (a) Butan-2-one (b) Butane-1,3-diol (c) Buta-2-enal (d) Butan-1-ol (e) Butanoic acid (f) Buta-2-enoic acid
53. Write structural formulae and names of the four possible aldol condensation products from propanal and butanal. In each case, indicate which aldehyde served as nucleophile and which as elctrophile.
54. An organic compound with the molecular formula C9H10O forms 2,4-DNP derivative reduces Tollen’s reagent and undergoes Cannizaro reaction. On vigorous oxidation, it gives 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid. Identify the compound.
55. An organic compound (A) [Molecular formula C8H16O2] was hydrolysed with dilute sulphuric acid to give a carboxylic acid (B) and an alcohol (C). Oxidation of (C) with chromic acid produced (B) Write possible structures of (A) and give their IUPAC names. Also write equations for the reactions involved.
56. N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide is an active ingredient in many insect-repellant preparations. How will you prepare this compound from m-bromotoluene?
57. Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds: (a) Propanal & Propanone (b) Methyl acetate and Ethyl acetate (c) Phenol & Benzoic acid (d) Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate (e) Benzamide and p-Aminobenzoic acid (f) Propanal & Diethyl ether. (g) Ethanal & Propanal (h) Propanoyl chloride and Propanoic acid.
58. How will you prepare the following compounds from benzene? Youmay use any inorganic reagent and any organic reagent having not more than one carbon atom.
59. Methyl benzoate (b) m-Nitrobenzoic acid (c) p-Nitrobenzoic acid (d) Phenyl acetic acid (e) p-Nitrobenzaldehyde.
60. How will you bring about the following conversions in not more than two steps? (a) Propanone to Porpene (b) Propanal to Butanone (c) Ethanol to 3-Hydroxybutnal (d) Benzaldehyde to Benzophenone (e) Benzaldehyde to 3-Phenylpropan-1-ol (f) Benzaldehyde to α-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(g) Benzoic acid to Benzaldehyde (h) Propanoyl Chloride to Diproppyl amine (i) Propanoic acid to propenoic acid (j) Benzene to m-Nitroacetophenone (k) Bromobenzene to 1-Phenylethnaol (l) Benzoyl chloride to Benzonitrile (m) Benzoic acid to m-Nitrobenzyl alcohol.
61. Describe the following:- (a) Acetylation (b) Cannizaro reaction (c) Trans-esterification (d) Decarboxylation (e) Cross aldol condensation (f) Hoffmann bromide reaction (g) Saponification.
62. Give plausible explanation for each of the following: (a) Cyclohexanone from cyanohydrin in good yield but 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone does not. (b) There are two –NH2 groups in semicarbazide. How ever, only one is involved in the formation of semicarbazones. (c) During the preparation of esters from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst, the water or the ester should be removed as fast as it is formed.
63. Why do nitro compounds have higher boiling points than the hydrocarbons having almost molecular mass?
64. How would you prepare p-nitroaniline from aniline?
65. Explain what happens when aniline reacts with a mixture of sulphuric acid and nitric acid?
66. How is nitrobenzene converted into aniline under neutral conditions?
67. Explain why does nitrobenzene on nitration with nitric acid and sulphuric acid from only m-dinitrobenzene?
68. How will you prepare 1-nitropropene from acetaldehyde?
69. How can you convert 2-nitropropane to acetone?
70. Write structures for the following compounds? (a) Butyronitrile (b) Phenylacetonitrile (c) Propylcarbylamine.
71. Why is acetonitrile preferred as a solvent for running organic reactions?
72. Explain the role of mineral acid in the reaction of a carbonyl compound with aq. KCN?
73. How is that a ketone reacts with Grignard reagent to form a tertiary alcohol but in the reaction of a nitrile with Grignard reagent reagent, a ketone is formed?
74. How will you convert benzonitrile to acetophenone (C6H5COCH3)?
75. Draw structures for the following compounds: (a)N-isopropylaniline (b) p-toluidine (c) tert.butylamine
76. Arrange the following sets in order of their basic strength: (a) Ethyl amine, Ammonia and Triethylamine (b) Aniline, p-nitroaniline, p-toluidine
77. How will you prepare a pure sample of a primary amine from a primary alkyl halide?
78. How will you convert alkyl an alkyl halide into a primary amine having one carbon atom less than the alkyl halide used?
79. How can a carboxylic acid be converted to an amine having one carbon atom less than the alkyl halide used?
80. Explain the observed Kb order: Et2NH > Et3N>EtNH2 in aqueous solution where Et is ethyl.
81. What will be the basic strength order of EtNH2, Et2NH, Et3N in gas phase? Explain.
82. Why are amines less acidic than comparable alcohols?
83. Why are primary amines higher boiling than tertiary amines?
84. Why are aromatic amines weaker bases than aliphatic amines?
85. How can you find out whether a given amine is a primary amine? Write the chemical reaction involved in the test you perform.
86. How can you separate a mixture of primary, secondary and tertiary amines? Write chemical reaction involved in the process.
87. How do aromatic and aliphatic tertiary amines react with nitrous acid?
88. Explain how does the presence or absence of hydrogen on N of maines affect the modes of their reactions with nitrous acid?
89. How ill you prepare ethyl amine from acetaldehyde?
90. Amino group is o,p-directing for aromatic electrophillic substitution. Why does aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of m-nitroaniline?
91. Why does bromination of nailine, even under very mild conditions give 2,3,5-tribromoaniline instaneously?
92. How can you convert p-toluidine to 2-bromo-4-methylaniline?
93. How can you convert aniline to iodobenzene?
94. How can you convert benzonitrile from aniline?
95. Why is an amide more acidic than an amine?
96. How to converted Nitro compound into aldehyde &Ketone ?
Organic-2
1. undergo electrophillic substitutions.
2. How are the following conversions carried out:- (1) 2-propanol to 1-bromo propane (b) Toluene to benzyl chloride (c) ethyl bromide to ethyl amine, (d)n-propyl chloride to n-propyl amine, (e) Ethyl alcohol to chloroform (f) Chloroform to chloropicrin (g) Aniline to iodo benzene
3. What is Saytzeff’s rule? Explain with the help of a suitable example.
4. Arrange the following compounds according to the reactivity towards nucleophillic substitution reaction with reagents mentioned:-
5. (a) 4-nitro chloro benzene, 2,4-dinitro chloro benzene and 2,4,6-trinitro chloro benzene with CH3ONa (b) Chloro benzene, 4-chloro-1-methyl benzene, 4-nitro chloro benzene and 2,4,6-trinitro chloro benzene with caustic alkali (KOH)
6. What mass of propene (CH3-CH=CH2) is obtained from 34.0g of 1-iodopropane on treating with ethanolic KOH, if yield is 36%?
7. Explain the fact that in aryl alkyl ethers (i) the alkoxy group activates the benzene ring towards Explain the fact that in aryl alkyl ethers (i) the alkoxy group activates the benzene ring towards electrophillic substitution, and (ii) it directs the incoming susbtituents to ortho and para positions in benzene ring.
8. Explain why is nucleophillic substitution of p-nitrochlorobenzene easier than that of Chlorobenzene?
9. Write short notes with example & reaction on:
(a)Protonation of alcohol (b) Schotterm Baumann reaction (c) Transcription (d) Hoffmann Ammonolysis (e) Williamson Synthesis (f) Hoffmann Mustard oil reaction (g) Sandmayer reaction Reaction/ 3 example (h) Aldol condensation (i) Etard reaction (j) Denatured sprit
EX-3
1. Why CHCl3 is kept in dark bottle & add 1% alcohol.
2. Why AgCl is soluble in CH3NH3?
3. Why HCOOH gives tollen test while CH3COOH doesn’t?
4. Why 30 alcohol does not turn K2Cr2O7 in green Cr2O3
5. Why 10 nitroalkane reacts with CH3MgBr & gives CH4?
6. Why Dargen method of RCl preparation is best?
7. Why CCl3COOH is more acidic than CH3COOH?
8. How to distinguish Between them/ explain with reaction:
(i) HCHO & CH3CHO (II) CH3CH2OH & CH3CHO (iii) CH3CH0 & C6H5CHO
(iv) HCOOH/CH3COOH (v) C2H5NO2 & C2H5ONO (vi) 10 20 30 AMINE (vii) 20 & 30 alcohol (viii) 3-Pentanone/ 2-Pentanone (ix) Nitrobenzene & Benzaldehyde (x) C6H5COCH3 & C6H5COC6H5
9. What happens when
(i) C6H5CHO reacts with KOH
(ii) Aniline with CHCl3 & alcoholic KOH
10.
Br2 water(excess)
(ii)
(iv)CH3COOH with Cl2 & presence of phosphorus
(v) CH3COCl reacts with (CH3)2Cd & then treated with conc. H2SO4
(vi) Nitrobenzene reacts with CH3Cl & AlCl3
(vii) Toluene reacts with excess Cl2 in the presence of aq. NaOH
(viii) CH3COOH reacts with Ca(OH)2 & heated
(ix) CH3CHO reacts HCN & NH3 then hydrolysis
(x) CHCl3 reacts with Ag powder.
2. How are the following conversions carried out:- (1) 2-propanol to 1-bromo propane (b) Toluene to benzyl chloride (c) ethyl bromide to ethyl amine, (d)n-propyl chloride to n-propyl amine, (e) Ethyl alcohol to chloroform (f) Chloroform to chloropicrin (g) Aniline to iodo benzene
3. What is Saytzeff’s rule? Explain with the help of a suitable example.
4. Arrange the following compounds according to the reactivity towards nucleophillic substitution reaction with reagents mentioned:-
5. (a) 4-nitro chloro benzene, 2,4-dinitro chloro benzene and 2,4,6-trinitro chloro benzene with CH3ONa (b) Chloro benzene, 4-chloro-1-methyl benzene, 4-nitro chloro benzene and 2,4,6-trinitro chloro benzene with caustic alkali (KOH)
6. What mass of propene (CH3-CH=CH2) is obtained from 34.0g of 1-iodopropane on treating with ethanolic KOH, if yield is 36%?
7. Explain the fact that in aryl alkyl ethers (i) the alkoxy group activates the benzene ring towards Explain the fact that in aryl alkyl ethers (i) the alkoxy group activates the benzene ring towards electrophillic substitution, and (ii) it directs the incoming susbtituents to ortho and para positions in benzene ring.
8. Explain why is nucleophillic substitution of p-nitrochlorobenzene easier than that of Chlorobenzene?
9. Write short notes with example & reaction on:
(a)Protonation of alcohol (b) Schotterm Baumann reaction (c) Transcription (d) Hoffmann Ammonolysis (e) Williamson Synthesis (f) Hoffmann Mustard oil reaction (g) Sandmayer reaction Reaction/ 3 example (h) Aldol condensation (i) Etard reaction (j) Denatured sprit
EX-3
1. Why CHCl3 is kept in dark bottle & add 1% alcohol.
2. Why AgCl is soluble in CH3NH3?
3. Why HCOOH gives tollen test while CH3COOH doesn’t?
4. Why 30 alcohol does not turn K2Cr2O7 in green Cr2O3
5. Why 10 nitroalkane reacts with CH3MgBr & gives CH4?
6. Why Dargen method of RCl preparation is best?
7. Why CCl3COOH is more acidic than CH3COOH?
8. How to distinguish Between them/ explain with reaction:
(i) HCHO & CH3CHO (II) CH3CH2OH & CH3CHO (iii) CH3CH0 & C6H5CHO
(iv) HCOOH/CH3COOH (v) C2H5NO2 & C2H5ONO (vi) 10 20 30 AMINE (vii) 20 & 30 alcohol (viii) 3-Pentanone/ 2-Pentanone (ix) Nitrobenzene & Benzaldehyde (x) C6H5COCH3 & C6H5COC6H5
9. What happens when
(i) C6H5CHO reacts with KOH
(ii) Aniline with CHCl3 & alcoholic KOH
10.
Br2 water(excess)
(ii)
(iv)CH3COOH with Cl2 & presence of phosphorus
(v) CH3COCl reacts with (CH3)2Cd & then treated with conc. H2SO4
(vi) Nitrobenzene reacts with CH3Cl & AlCl3
(vii) Toluene reacts with excess Cl2 in the presence of aq. NaOH
(viii) CH3COOH reacts with Ca(OH)2 & heated
(ix) CH3CHO reacts HCN & NH3 then hydrolysis
(x) CHCl3 reacts with Ag powder.
Organic -1
1. Why CH3COOH is more acidic than phenol?
2. Why carboxyl ate ions are more stable than carboxylic acid & phenoxide ions more stable than phenol
3. Why alkyl halide is more reactive than aryl halide or aryl halide are less reactive than alkyl halide?
4. Why nitration of toluene is easier than nitrobenzene?
5. Why Phenol are more reactive toward Electrophillic substitution reaction?
6. Why phenol is more reactive than nitrobenzene towards electrophillic substitution
7. Why alcohol are less acidic than phenol ?
8. Methyl Chloride is hydrolyzed easily in comparison to chlorobenzene. Why
9. Why alkyl halide is easily hydrolyzed in comparison to Vinyl Halide?
10. Why Aromatic amines are less basic than aliphatic amine?
11. Why Benzyl amine is more basic than aniline?
12. Why HCOOH gives Tollen test while CH3COOH doesn’t?
13. Why iodobenzene is not formed when HI (dil) treated with Anisole?
14. Why Aniline, nitrobenzene & Benzoic Acid does not give Friedel Craft reaction?
15. Why CHCl3 is not kept in open air & sunlight?
16. Why phenol form ester easily in comparison to alcohol?
17. Why 30 alcohol are less acidic than 20 & 10 alcohol?
18. Why alcohol is easily protonated in comparison to phenol?
19. Why p-nitro phenol is more acidic than o-nitropohenol?
20. Why Ethanol & 2-Propanol gives iodoform test while acetoacetic ester doesn’t?
21. why trichloro Acetic acid is more acidic thanCH3COOH ?
22. Why B.P of alcohol is higher than isomeric ether?
23. Why 30 alcohol gives alkenes with Cu at 523 K?
24. Why Dargen method is the best method of RCl Formation?
25. Why aldehyde is more reactive than ketone?
26. Why aldehyde & ketone gives nucleophillic addition reaction?
27. Why HCHO does not give aldol condensation only α-hydrogen takes part in it?
28. Why B.P. of CH3COOH higher than C2H5OH yet both contain hydrogen bond?
29. Why CH3COOH or their derivatives & benzene or its derivative does not give usual Addition Reaction?
30. Why α Chloro Acetic Acid is more acidic β-chloro & γ-chloro acetic aci?
31. Why alpha Hydrogen of aldehyde is acidic in Nature?
32. What happen when ether are kept in open air?
33. Why ortho nitro phenol are steam volatile while p nitro phenol are not volatile in steam?
34. Why protanation of phenol are not occurring?
35. Why anisole when react with HI not give iodobenzene?
36. Why boiling point of Nitro compound are higher than alkane?
37. Why amide is more acidic than amine?
38. Why aniline are not directly nitrated?
39. Why Quaternary ammonium salt is water soluble?
40. Why Aceto nitrile is good solvent for organic Reaction?
41. Why Aniline is not directly nitrated or why it is acylated before nitration?
42. Why is it difficult to prepare primary amine by ammonolysis of alkyl halide ?
43. Why Ph of reaction should be carefully controlled during preparation of ammonia derivative of aldehyde &ketone?
44. Why Formic acid are stronger acid than Benzoic acid?
45. Why amide are Amphoteric in nature?
46. Why Acetic acid not give Iodoform test?
47. Why Melting point of Carboxylic acid with even carbon is higher than odd carbon acid ?
48. Why 30 alcohol are not undergoes Oxidation?
49. Why RONa are More Basic then NaOH?
50. .Why Nitro phenol is more acidic than Cresol?
2. Why carboxyl ate ions are more stable than carboxylic acid & phenoxide ions more stable than phenol
3. Why alkyl halide is more reactive than aryl halide or aryl halide are less reactive than alkyl halide?
4. Why nitration of toluene is easier than nitrobenzene?
5. Why Phenol are more reactive toward Electrophillic substitution reaction?
6. Why phenol is more reactive than nitrobenzene towards electrophillic substitution
7. Why alcohol are less acidic than phenol ?
8. Methyl Chloride is hydrolyzed easily in comparison to chlorobenzene. Why
9. Why alkyl halide is easily hydrolyzed in comparison to Vinyl Halide?
10. Why Aromatic amines are less basic than aliphatic amine?
11. Why Benzyl amine is more basic than aniline?
12. Why HCOOH gives Tollen test while CH3COOH doesn’t?
13. Why iodobenzene is not formed when HI (dil) treated with Anisole?
14. Why Aniline, nitrobenzene & Benzoic Acid does not give Friedel Craft reaction?
15. Why CHCl3 is not kept in open air & sunlight?
16. Why phenol form ester easily in comparison to alcohol?
17. Why 30 alcohol are less acidic than 20 & 10 alcohol?
18. Why alcohol is easily protonated in comparison to phenol?
19. Why p-nitro phenol is more acidic than o-nitropohenol?
20. Why Ethanol & 2-Propanol gives iodoform test while acetoacetic ester doesn’t?
21. why trichloro Acetic acid is more acidic thanCH3COOH ?
22. Why B.P of alcohol is higher than isomeric ether?
23. Why 30 alcohol gives alkenes with Cu at 523 K?
24. Why Dargen method is the best method of RCl Formation?
25. Why aldehyde is more reactive than ketone?
26. Why aldehyde & ketone gives nucleophillic addition reaction?
27. Why HCHO does not give aldol condensation only α-hydrogen takes part in it?
28. Why B.P. of CH3COOH higher than C2H5OH yet both contain hydrogen bond?
29. Why CH3COOH or their derivatives & benzene or its derivative does not give usual Addition Reaction?
30. Why α Chloro Acetic Acid is more acidic β-chloro & γ-chloro acetic aci?
31. Why alpha Hydrogen of aldehyde is acidic in Nature?
32. What happen when ether are kept in open air?
33. Why ortho nitro phenol are steam volatile while p nitro phenol are not volatile in steam?
34. Why protanation of phenol are not occurring?
35. Why anisole when react with HI not give iodobenzene?
36. Why boiling point of Nitro compound are higher than alkane?
37. Why amide is more acidic than amine?
38. Why aniline are not directly nitrated?
39. Why Quaternary ammonium salt is water soluble?
40. Why Aceto nitrile is good solvent for organic Reaction?
41. Why Aniline is not directly nitrated or why it is acylated before nitration?
42. Why is it difficult to prepare primary amine by ammonolysis of alkyl halide ?
43. Why Ph of reaction should be carefully controlled during preparation of ammonia derivative of aldehyde &ketone?
44. Why Formic acid are stronger acid than Benzoic acid?
45. Why amide are Amphoteric in nature?
46. Why Acetic acid not give Iodoform test?
47. Why Melting point of Carboxylic acid with even carbon is higher than odd carbon acid ?
48. Why 30 alcohol are not undergoes Oxidation?
49. Why RONa are More Basic then NaOH?
50. .Why Nitro phenol is more acidic than Cresol?
P-BlockPart-2
1. Why is bond dissociation energy of F2 less than that of Cl2?
2. Why is I2 more soluble in KI than in water?
3. Why is helium used for inflating aeroplane tyres?
4. Complete & balance the following 450K chemical equations:-
450K
(i) BF3 + LiH (ii) BrO3- + F2 + OH-
39. Complete & balance the following equation:-Ca3P2 + H2O
40. Give reasons for the following observations:-
(i) The molecule N(CH3)3 & N(SiH3)3 have different shapes.
(ii) BF3 is weaker Lewis acid than BCl3.
41. Why are inter halogen compounds more reactive than the related elemental halogens?
42. Complete the following chemical equations:-
Cu powder
(i) RCl + Si (ii) XeF6 + H2O
570K
43. Arrange the following in decreasing order of property indicated:-
(i) H2O, H2S,H2Se, H2 Te boiling point
(ii) F2,Cl2,Br2,I2 bond energy
(iii) MF,MCl,MBr,MI ionic character of the bond.
(iv) NH3, PH3,AsH3,SbH3 base strength
44. Give reasons for the following:-
(I) PH3 is a weaker base than NH3 (ii) In group 14 of the periodic table of elements, the tendency to catenate decreases down the group.
45. Arrange the following compounds in decreasing order of property indicated against each. Give reason for your answer:-
(i) H2O, H2S,H2Se, H2Te (B.P)(ii) BCl3,AlCl3,GaCl3,InCl3,TiCl3 (Stability of +3 oxidation state)
46. What is meant by catenation? How does catenation tendency for elements of group 14 vary?
47. How is XeO3 prepared? Write the related chemical equation. Draw the structure of XeO3.
48. Complete the following chemical equations:-(i) XeF4+SbF5 (ii) NH3+NaOCl (iii) SbCl3+H2O
49. Complete the following reactions giving balanced reactions:-
(i) PCl3 + H2O (ii) SbCl3+H2O (iii) As+Cl2
(iv) H3AsO4(aq) + Zn(s) + H+ (aq)
50. Why is H3PO3 diprotic?
51. Complete the following reactions:-
(i) I2 +NaClO3 (ii) I2+S2O32-
(iii) XeF2 + H2O (iv)Br2+NaI
52. Which of the following is acidic & why ? SiO2, Al2O3, PbO2, SnO2
53. Gallium has higher I.E. than Al. Explain.
54. Arrange the following in order of the property mentioned:-
(i) PH3, NH3, SbH3,AsH3 (increasing basic strength
(ii) KCl,MgCL2, CaCl2, BaCl2 (increasing ionic character
(iii) HClO4, HClO3, HClO2 (increasing oxidizing ability)
55. What happens when: (i) phosphorus is boiled with caustic alkali? (ii) Potassium reacts with acetylene
56. Complete & balance the following:- (i) PbO2 + HNO3 (ii) NaBH4+I2 (iii) Ca3P2+H2O
57. Complete the following:- (i) Cl2+NaOH (cold & dil.) (ii) F2+NaOH(hot & conc.) (iii) F2+H2O(hot)
58. How is lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4), prepared? What is its important use ?
59. Describe the contact process for the manufacture of sulphuric acid.
60. Write balanced equation for the following reaction:- Tin is heated with an excess of chlorine gas.
61. Write balanced equation for the following reactions:-
(a) Ca3P2 + H2O (b) P4H10+H2O
(c) As4+Cl2(excess) (d) P4+KOH+H2O
(e) NaCl is heated with H2SO4 in presence of MnO2 (f) Cl2 gas is passed through NaI in water.
(g) SiO2 reacts with HF (h) NaClO3 is treated with SO2 (i) Iodine is treated with conc. HNO3
(j) NH3+NaOCl (k) XeF4+SbF5
(l) SbCl3 + H2O (m) IO3- + I-+H+
(n) XeF6+PF5 (n) PbO2+HNO3
(o) NaBH4+I2 (p) Ca3P2+H2O
(q) Pb(NO3)2 undergoes heating
(r) BrO3-+F2+OH-
Describe a method for the isolation of elemental phosphorus from Ca3(PO4)2
62. Calculate the volume of 0.1M NaOH solution required to neutralize the solution produced by dissolving 1.1g of P4O6 in water.
63. Using VSEPR theory, predict the probable structures of SO32-, IF6-, XeF2, ClO4-,ICI4- & IBr2-
64. Describe the contact process for the manufacture of sulphuric acid.
65. How would you prepare(a) Cl2 gas in the laboratory (b) HF from CaF2 (c) Br2 from sea water )d) I2 from NaIO3 (e) HBr from NaBr?
66. Arrange the following in order of properties indicated for each set:-
(a) F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 Increasing bond energy
(b) HF, HCl, HBr, HI- Increasing acidic strength & B.P.
(c) MF, MCl, MBr, MI- Increasing ionic character (d) As2O3, ClO2, GeO2, Ga2O3 Increasing acidity
(e) NH3, PH3, AsH3, SbH3 Increasing acidic character (f) HOCl, HOBr, HOI Increasing acidic strength
(g) H2O, H2S, H2Se, H2Te Increasing boiling point & acidic nature
(h) HOCl, HClO2, HClO3, HClO4 Increasing oxidizing nature
(i) HIO4, HBrO4,HClO4 Increasing oxidizing nature
67. Explain: (a) Sulphur in gaseous state shows paramagnetic behaviour
(b) F2 is stronger oxidizing agent than Cl2 but Cl electron affinity is more than that of F2. CO2 is gas, SiO2 is solid (c) PbO2 is stronger oxidizing agent than SnO2. (d) NF3 is an exothermic compound but NCl3 is an endothermic compound. (e) Anhydrous AlF3 has higher melting point than AlCl3. (f) SnCl2 is solid & SnCl4 is liquid. (g) HF is stored in wax coated bottle.(h) Nitric acid becomes yellow in colour on long standing.
68. X2 is greenish yellow gas with an offensive smell used in water purification. It partially dissolves in water to give a solution which turns blue litmus to red. When X2 is passed through NaBr solution, Br2is obtained. (a) Identify X2. (b) What are the products formed when X2 reacts with H2O. Write chemical equation. (c) What happens when X2 reacts with hot & conc. NaOH
69. Which allotropes of Selenium conduct electricity?
70. What is Tin plague?
71. Why PbI2 is coloured ?
72. Why PbI4 does not exist ?
73. Discuss halogen family on the following points: (i) Hydride (ii) Oxide (iii) Oxy acid (iv) Interhalogen compound
2. Why is I2 more soluble in KI than in water?
3. Why is helium used for inflating aeroplane tyres?
4. Complete & balance the following 450K chemical equations:-
450K
(i) BF3 + LiH (ii) BrO3- + F2 + OH-
39. Complete & balance the following equation:-Ca3P2 + H2O
40. Give reasons for the following observations:-
(i) The molecule N(CH3)3 & N(SiH3)3 have different shapes.
(ii) BF3 is weaker Lewis acid than BCl3.
41. Why are inter halogen compounds more reactive than the related elemental halogens?
42. Complete the following chemical equations:-
Cu powder
(i) RCl + Si (ii) XeF6 + H2O
570K
43. Arrange the following in decreasing order of property indicated:-
(i) H2O, H2S,H2Se, H2 Te boiling point
(ii) F2,Cl2,Br2,I2 bond energy
(iii) MF,MCl,MBr,MI ionic character of the bond.
(iv) NH3, PH3,AsH3,SbH3 base strength
44. Give reasons for the following:-
(I) PH3 is a weaker base than NH3 (ii) In group 14 of the periodic table of elements, the tendency to catenate decreases down the group.
45. Arrange the following compounds in decreasing order of property indicated against each. Give reason for your answer:-
(i) H2O, H2S,H2Se, H2Te (B.P)(ii) BCl3,AlCl3,GaCl3,InCl3,TiCl3 (Stability of +3 oxidation state)
46. What is meant by catenation? How does catenation tendency for elements of group 14 vary?
47. How is XeO3 prepared? Write the related chemical equation. Draw the structure of XeO3.
48. Complete the following chemical equations:-(i) XeF4+SbF5 (ii) NH3+NaOCl (iii) SbCl3+H2O
49. Complete the following reactions giving balanced reactions:-
(i) PCl3 + H2O (ii) SbCl3+H2O (iii) As+Cl2
(iv) H3AsO4(aq) + Zn(s) + H+ (aq)
50. Why is H3PO3 diprotic?
51. Complete the following reactions:-
(i) I2 +NaClO3 (ii) I2+S2O32-
(iii) XeF2 + H2O (iv)Br2+NaI
52. Which of the following is acidic & why ? SiO2, Al2O3, PbO2, SnO2
53. Gallium has higher I.E. than Al. Explain.
54. Arrange the following in order of the property mentioned:-
(i) PH3, NH3, SbH3,AsH3 (increasing basic strength
(ii) KCl,MgCL2, CaCl2, BaCl2 (increasing ionic character
(iii) HClO4, HClO3, HClO2 (increasing oxidizing ability)
55. What happens when: (i) phosphorus is boiled with caustic alkali? (ii) Potassium reacts with acetylene
56. Complete & balance the following:- (i) PbO2 + HNO3 (ii) NaBH4+I2 (iii) Ca3P2+H2O
57. Complete the following:- (i) Cl2+NaOH (cold & dil.) (ii) F2+NaOH(hot & conc.) (iii) F2+H2O(hot)
58. How is lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4), prepared? What is its important use ?
59. Describe the contact process for the manufacture of sulphuric acid.
60. Write balanced equation for the following reaction:- Tin is heated with an excess of chlorine gas.
61. Write balanced equation for the following reactions:-
(a) Ca3P2 + H2O (b) P4H10+H2O
(c) As4+Cl2(excess) (d) P4+KOH+H2O
(e) NaCl is heated with H2SO4 in presence of MnO2 (f) Cl2 gas is passed through NaI in water.
(g) SiO2 reacts with HF (h) NaClO3 is treated with SO2 (i) Iodine is treated with conc. HNO3
(j) NH3+NaOCl (k) XeF4+SbF5
(l) SbCl3 + H2O (m) IO3- + I-+H+
(n) XeF6+PF5 (n) PbO2+HNO3
(o) NaBH4+I2 (p) Ca3P2+H2O
(q) Pb(NO3)2 undergoes heating
(r) BrO3-+F2+OH-
Describe a method for the isolation of elemental phosphorus from Ca3(PO4)2
62. Calculate the volume of 0.1M NaOH solution required to neutralize the solution produced by dissolving 1.1g of P4O6 in water.
63. Using VSEPR theory, predict the probable structures of SO32-, IF6-, XeF2, ClO4-,ICI4- & IBr2-
64. Describe the contact process for the manufacture of sulphuric acid.
65. How would you prepare(a) Cl2 gas in the laboratory (b) HF from CaF2 (c) Br2 from sea water )d) I2 from NaIO3 (e) HBr from NaBr?
66. Arrange the following in order of properties indicated for each set:-
(a) F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 Increasing bond energy
(b) HF, HCl, HBr, HI- Increasing acidic strength & B.P.
(c) MF, MCl, MBr, MI- Increasing ionic character (d) As2O3, ClO2, GeO2, Ga2O3 Increasing acidity
(e) NH3, PH3, AsH3, SbH3 Increasing acidic character (f) HOCl, HOBr, HOI Increasing acidic strength
(g) H2O, H2S, H2Se, H2Te Increasing boiling point & acidic nature
(h) HOCl, HClO2, HClO3, HClO4 Increasing oxidizing nature
(i) HIO4, HBrO4,HClO4 Increasing oxidizing nature
67. Explain: (a) Sulphur in gaseous state shows paramagnetic behaviour
(b) F2 is stronger oxidizing agent than Cl2 but Cl electron affinity is more than that of F2. CO2 is gas, SiO2 is solid (c) PbO2 is stronger oxidizing agent than SnO2. (d) NF3 is an exothermic compound but NCl3 is an endothermic compound. (e) Anhydrous AlF3 has higher melting point than AlCl3. (f) SnCl2 is solid & SnCl4 is liquid. (g) HF is stored in wax coated bottle.(h) Nitric acid becomes yellow in colour on long standing.
68. X2 is greenish yellow gas with an offensive smell used in water purification. It partially dissolves in water to give a solution which turns blue litmus to red. When X2 is passed through NaBr solution, Br2is obtained. (a) Identify X2. (b) What are the products formed when X2 reacts with H2O. Write chemical equation. (c) What happens when X2 reacts with hot & conc. NaOH
69. Which allotropes of Selenium conduct electricity?
70. What is Tin plague?
71. Why PbI2 is coloured ?
72. Why PbI4 does not exist ?
73. Discuss halogen family on the following points: (i) Hydride (ii) Oxide (iii) Oxy acid (iv) Interhalogen compound
PBlock
1. Give reasons for the following:-
(a) PH3 is a weaker base than NH3
(b) In group 14 of periodic table of elements, the tendency to catenation decreases down the group
2. Which has the larger bond angle H2S or H2O & why ?
3. Draw & name the molecular shape of SF6.
4. How is orthoboric acid related to metaboric acid?
5. What property of anhydrous AlCl3 makes it a very good preparative reagent in organic chemistry?
6. Although pure silicon is an insulator, then how does it behave as semiconductor on heating?
7. What happens when XeF6 is hydrolyzed ?
8. Complete the reaction: XeF4 + H2O
9. What is inert pair effect?
10. Why does oxygen not show an oxidation state of +4 & +6 like sulphur?
11. Name the product formed when dichloro dimethyl silane is hydrolyzed?
12. What is general formula of silicones?
13. Name the geometry of XeOF4 and XeO3-.
14. What is the state of hybridization in CO32-?
15. What is the oxidation state of Ni in [Ni(CO)4]?
16. CO2 is a gas while SiO2 is solid at room temperature. State a reason for this.
17. Complete the reaction: XeF4 + H2O
18. What is inert pair effect?
19. Give the reason which prompted Barlett to prepare first noble gas compounds.
20. Why is N2 not particularly reactive?
21. Write two uses of elemental selenium.
22. Why is that aluminium metal cannot be obtained by electrolysis of an aqueous solution of a salt of aluminium?
23. Graphite is used as solid lubricant but charcoal is not, why?
24. Identify X in the following reaction:
Cl2 + 2X- 2Cl- + X2
25. What are silicates?
26. What are allotropes of sulphur?
27. B to Tl, +1 oxidation state becomes more stable, why?
28. SiCl4 gets hydrolysed, CCl4 does not. Why?
29. Why is NH3 good complexing agent?
30. Why is PbCl4 good oxidizing agent?
31. Sulphur disappears when boiled with sodium sulphite. Why?
32. What are chalcogens? Why are group 16 elements called chalcogens?
33. Why is F2 most reactive among halogens?
Blpock
(a) PH3 is a weaker base than NH3
(b) In group 14 of periodic table of elements, the tendency to catenation decreases down the group
2. Which has the larger bond angle H2S or H2O & why ?
3. Draw & name the molecular shape of SF6.
4. How is orthoboric acid related to metaboric acid?
5. What property of anhydrous AlCl3 makes it a very good preparative reagent in organic chemistry?
6. Although pure silicon is an insulator, then how does it behave as semiconductor on heating?
7. What happens when XeF6 is hydrolyzed ?
8. Complete the reaction: XeF4 + H2O
9. What is inert pair effect?
10. Why does oxygen not show an oxidation state of +4 & +6 like sulphur?
11. Name the product formed when dichloro dimethyl silane is hydrolyzed?
12. What is general formula of silicones?
13. Name the geometry of XeOF4 and XeO3-.
14. What is the state of hybridization in CO32-?
15. What is the oxidation state of Ni in [Ni(CO)4]?
16. CO2 is a gas while SiO2 is solid at room temperature. State a reason for this.
17. Complete the reaction: XeF4 + H2O
18. What is inert pair effect?
19. Give the reason which prompted Barlett to prepare first noble gas compounds.
20. Why is N2 not particularly reactive?
21. Write two uses of elemental selenium.
22. Why is that aluminium metal cannot be obtained by electrolysis of an aqueous solution of a salt of aluminium?
23. Graphite is used as solid lubricant but charcoal is not, why?
24. Identify X in the following reaction:
Cl2 + 2X- 2Cl- + X2
25. What are silicates?
26. What are allotropes of sulphur?
27. B to Tl, +1 oxidation state becomes more stable, why?
28. SiCl4 gets hydrolysed, CCl4 does not. Why?
29. Why is NH3 good complexing agent?
30. Why is PbCl4 good oxidizing agent?
31. Sulphur disappears when boiled with sodium sulphite. Why?
32. What are chalcogens? Why are group 16 elements called chalcogens?
33. Why is F2 most reactive among halogens?
Blpock
Sunday, October 12, 2008
polymer
SYNTHETIC & NATURAL POLYMER
What is biodegradable? Give two examples.
What is vulcanization?
Which polymer is used for making a non-stick coating for pans?
Give the monomers and uses of each of the following polymers:
(i) polyethylene (ii) polypropylene (iii)polystyrene (iv) polymethylacrylate (v) Teflon
(vi) nylon-6 (vii) neoprene (viii) glyptal (ix) Nylon 2,6
Why vinyl cyanide undergoes anionic mechanism, during polymerisation?
Write the mechanism of 1,2 free radicle addition mechanism of Butadiene.
What is biodegradable? Give two examples.
What is vulcanization?
Which polymer is used for making a non-stick coating for pans?
Give the monomers and uses of each of the following polymers:
(i) polyethylene (ii) polypropylene (iii)polystyrene (iv) polymethylacrylate (v) Teflon
(vi) nylon-6 (vii) neoprene (viii) glyptal (ix) Nylon 2,6
Why vinyl cyanide undergoes anionic mechanism, during polymerisation?
Write the mechanism of 1,2 free radicle addition mechanism of Butadiene.
Biomolecule andEverday life
BIOMOLECULES
What are anomers?
Give one example of each of a reducing and a non-reducing sugar.
What is isoelectric point ?
Name the enzyme that is used to dissolve clots.
What is a glycosidic linkage?
Define mutarotation.
State differences between the following :
(a) A globular protein and a fibrous protein. (b) Primary & secondary structure of a protein (c) a-helix & b-pleated sheet configuration.
Define the following terms: (a) codon (b) genetic code (c) transcription (d) translation
What is melting temperature of DNA?
Why is ATP an energy rich molecule?
Which enzymes are responsible for the digestion of proteins?
What is myoglobin?
What is the pH range of blood?
What are antibodies?
Define pherosomes.
Which disease is caused by the deficiency of vitamin B12
CHEMISTRY IN ACTION
Give one example of antihistamine.
Write the example of substance used as n antiseptic & disinfectant
Which substance is added in baby talcum powder as an antiseptic ?
What are mordant dyes? How are they applied to a fabric?
Give the composition of tincture of iodine. For what purpose is it used?
Write the IUPAC name of aspirin. Why should it not be taken on an empty stomach?
What is bithional ? Why is it added to soap?
Why azo dye does not impart fast colour to fabric ?
What are anomers?
Give one example of each of a reducing and a non-reducing sugar.
What is isoelectric point ?
Name the enzyme that is used to dissolve clots.
What is a glycosidic linkage?
Define mutarotation.
State differences between the following :
(a) A globular protein and a fibrous protein. (b) Primary & secondary structure of a protein (c) a-helix & b-pleated sheet configuration.
Define the following terms: (a) codon (b) genetic code (c) transcription (d) translation
What is melting temperature of DNA?
Why is ATP an energy rich molecule?
Which enzymes are responsible for the digestion of proteins?
What is myoglobin?
What is the pH range of blood?
What are antibodies?
Define pherosomes.
Which disease is caused by the deficiency of vitamin B12
CHEMISTRY IN ACTION
Give one example of antihistamine.
Write the example of substance used as n antiseptic & disinfectant
Which substance is added in baby talcum powder as an antiseptic ?
What are mordant dyes? How are they applied to a fabric?
Give the composition of tincture of iodine. For what purpose is it used?
Write the IUPAC name of aspirin. Why should it not be taken on an empty stomach?
What is bithional ? Why is it added to soap?
Why azo dye does not impart fast colour to fabric ?
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